Risks of Youth Using Social Media ( Privacy Issues) Free Essays

Clinical Report: The Impact of Social Media on Children, Adolescents, and Families Gwenn Schurgin O’Keeffe, Kathleen Clarke Pediatrics Volume 127, Number 4, April 2011 pp. 800-804 RISKS OF YOUTH USING SOCIAL MEDIA Engaging in different types of internet based life is a normal movement that examination has appeared to profit youngsters and teenagers by improving correspondence, social association, and even specialized aptitudes. Internet based life locales, for example, Facebook and MySpace offer numerous every day open doors for associating with companions, colleagues, and individuals with shared interests. We will compose a custom article test on Dangers of Youth Using Social Media ( Privacy Issues) or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now During the most recent 5 years, the quantity of preadolescents and youths utilizing such destinations has expanded significantly. Since a huge piece of this generation’s social and enthusiastic advancement is happening while on the Internet and on phones, youngsters and teenagers are at some hazard as they explore and try different things with online networking, as a result of their constrained limit with regards to self-guideline and powerlessness to peer pressure. Late research demonstrates that there are visit online articulations of disconnected practices, for example, tormenting, and sexual experimentation, that have presented issues, for example, digital harassing, protection issues, and sexting. Digital harassing Cyber-tormenting is intentionally utilizing advanced media to convey bogus, humiliating, or threatening data about someone else. It is the most well-known online hazard for all adolescents and is a shared hazard. In spite of the fact that â€Å"online harassment† is frequently utilized reciprocally with the term â€Å"cyber-bullying,† it is really an alternate substance. Current information recommend that online provocation isn't as basic as disconnected badgering (Lenhart, 2007), and investment in person to person communication destinations doesn't put most kids in danger of online provocation (Ybarra Mitchell, 2008). Then again, digital tormenting is very normal, can happen to any youngster on the web, and can cause significant psychosocial results including wretchedness, tension, serious separation, and, shockingly, self destruction (Hinduja Patchin, 2010). Sexting can be characterized as â€Å"sending, getting, or sending explicitly unequivocal messages, photos, or pictures by means of PDA, PC, or other computerized devices†(Berkshire District Attorney, 2010). A large number of these pictures become circulated quickly by means of mobile phones or the Internet. This wonder occurs among the adolescent populace; an ongoing study uncovered that 20% of youngsters have sent or posted bare or seminude photos or recordings of themselves (National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy, 2010). A few adolescents who have occupied with sexting have been compromised or accused of lawful offense kid sex entertainment charges, albeit a few states have begun portraying such practices as adolescent law misdeeds (Gifford, 2010; Walker, 2010). Extra results incorporate school suspension for culprits and passionate misery with going with emotional well-being conditions for casualties. By and large, notwithstanding, the sexting episode isn't shared past a little companion gathering or a couple and isn't seen as upsetting by any stretch of the imagination (Lenhart, 2009). Facebook Depression Researchers have proposed another wonder called â€Å"Facebook depression,† characterized as despondency that creates when preteens and youngsters invest a lot of energy in online life locales, for example, Facebook, and afterward start to show great side effects of discouragement (Davilla et al. 2009; Sturm, 2010). Acknowledgment by and contact with peers is a significant component of pre-adult life. The force of the online world is believed to be a factor that may trigger wretchedness in certain young people. As with disconnected despondency, preadolescents and young people who experience the ill effects of Facebook wretchedness are in danger for social disengagement and now and again go to hazardous Internet destinations and websites for â€Å"help† that may advance substance misuse, dangerous sexual practices, or forceful or reckless practices. Step by step instructions to refer to Risks of Youth Using Social Media ( Privacy Issues), Papers

How can Sainsburys develop an effective marketing plan to position Research Proposal

By what means can Sainsburys build up a powerful showcasing plan to situate themselves in the UK SUPERMARKET - Research Proposal Example een saw that there is an absence of new contestants in the market in light of monetary changes and stagnation of innovative headway in the nation. In light of the information accomplished from the most recent year for example 2012, it was discovered that the income created through the general store retailing section was around  £134 billion, which uncovers a normal yearly development of 1.3 percent from 2008-13 (IBIS World, 2013). This portion offers work to roughly 945,694 individuals in the UK. As per IGD Research the grocery store portion played out its best in 2001, as a development of 6.5 percent was enrolled; this continued lessening from that point forward and boiled down to 3.3 percent in 2003. The market varied from that point forward and in 2011 it was recorded to be around 3.8 percent (Institute of Grocery Distribution, 2012). Tesco has the most noteworthy piece of the pie in the UK, which is around 30 percent, at that point comes Asda and J Sainsbury (Grocery News, 2013 ). The issue proclamation of this examination study is to recognize the present status of the general store portion in the UK. So as to build up a compelling promoting plan for Sainsbury’s, a far reaching investigation of different general stores would be done, particularly those which are effectively working together in the nation. The customer’s disposition would be assessed to comprehend their perspectives on grocery stores present in the UK. The target of this examination from the start is to recognize the current players in the market and assess the market pattern as needs be. Also, optional just as essential information would be gathered so as to comprehend the requirements and inclinations of the clients if there should arise an occurrence of shopping from stores. In conclusion, a showcasing plan must be intended for a store chain called Sainsbury’s, with the goal that it can viably get piece of the overall industry and be among the market chiefs in the UK. This examination for the most part centers around planning a viable advertising plan for Sainsbury’s, with the goal that it can get a higher piece of the overall industry in the UK and carry on gainful

Early Action and Regular Decision - The Directors Cut - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Early Action and Regular Decision - The Directors Cut - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Early Action and Regular Decision The Directors Cut Since the deadline for Early Action is quickly approaching (and everyone seems to be asking the question should I apply Early Action (EA) or Regular Decision (RD), we thought we would re-post this information (it is not really a sequel, but more like a directors cut with additional footage). Sorry if you have read it before, but we thought this would help answer a few questions that are out there! In one scene in the movie Forrest Gump, the character Bubba Blue is sitting next to Forrest on a transport bus talking about shrimp. Anyway, like I was sayin, shrimp is the fruit of the sea. You can barbecue it, boil it, broil it, bake it, saute it. Deys uh, shrimp-kabobs, shrimp creole, shrimp gumbo. Pan fried, deep fried, stir-fried. Theres pineapple shrimp, lemon shrimp, coconut shrimp, pepper shrimp, shrimp soup, shrimp stew, shrimp salad, shrimp and potatoes, shrimp burger, shrimp sandwich. That Thats about it. Sometimes, the different college admissions plans sound just like that. Youve got your Early Action, your Early Decision, your Restrictive Early Action, your Single Choice Early Decision, your Rolling Decision, your Multiple Choice Early Rolling Action (okay, I made that one up), etc. While I can not say what plans other colleges have for their admission process or why they choose these plans, I can tell you how UGA does it. UGA has two decision plans, Early Action(EA) and Regular Decision(RD). UGAs Early Action program is non-restrictive and non-binding, meaning that we will not limit an applicant from applying in any way to another college, and if admitted, you do not need to let us know if you are coming or not until May 1. No matter how you apply, we want you to take as much time as you need (up to May 1!) to research your options and make a good decision on where to go to college. Our EA deadline is October 15, and we generally will have EA decisions out by mid-December. Please remember, it is not easier or harder to be admitted EA, it is just a different time line for applicants who want to hear something earlier. You may hear a yes (admit), a no (deny) or a defer (deferral to get more information on the applicant). If by mid-October, a prospective applicant feels comfortable with UGA making a decision on their current grades, curriculum, and test scores, then EA might be right for that individual. Just so you know, there are not any specific cut points for EA admissions, but more it is a combination of an applicants core academic grades, curriculum choice and test scores. If, on the other hand, a prospective applicant wants UGA to look at senior year first semester grades, new test scores, or make sure the students co-curricular activities and essays, then they should apply Regular Decision(RD). The RD deadline is January 15, and there are two decision dates for this option. If an RD applicant meets the EA criteria for admission, we will send out a decision in late February (this also applies for any EA deferred student who, for instance, sends in new and improved test scores which put them at or above the EA criteria). For all applicants who are not admitted based upon the EA criteria, a decision will go out in late March. This time line gives the office time to read, and read, and read, and read. As for which plan a student should choose, RD versus EA, it is generally based upon the applicant taking an honest look at their academic record and then comparing it to our First-Year Class Profile. Look at the academic mid-ranges for our freshman class an d see how you compare, especially when looking at grades and curriculum (on average, UGA freshman took 3-5 AP or IB classes along with a broad range of Honors/Accelerated courses, but this varies based upon what is offered at your school as well). Dont be intimidated by the numbers, but be realistic, and know that during the read process, we look at everything about an applicant. And for those of you who apply EA just because you do not have to complete part II of the application (with the short essays), even though you are not near the mid ranges in the profile, I would suggest you think again. Give yourself time to get your application together, and do not rush to complete it in the end just because you knew you would be deferred but did not want to do part II of the application yet. This is like pushing off writing a 10 page report until the last day, and wondering why it did not turn out as well as you thought it would. Just remember, Early Action at UGA is non-binding, it is neither easier or harder to be admitted EA or RD (it is just a response time issue), and the applicant needs to look the profile to see how they compare, at least in determining EA vs RD. And as Forrest says, Thats all I have to say about that. If this is your first time to this blog, please know that we welcome comments and/or questions about the UGA Admission process.

High Leverage From The Financial Product Innovation Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1575 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? From 2000 to 2003, the Federal Reserve made the interest rate target to 1%. This was done to soften the effects of the collapse of the dot-com bubble and of the 911 terrorist attacks. On the other hand, Globalization and trade imbalances made up the large inflows of money into the U.S. from high savings countries, such as China. These two factors lend a cheap credit for the lenders who can take a much higher leverage than before. The default of sub-prime lending Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "High Leverage From The Financial Product Innovation Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Between 1997 and 2006, the American house pricing increased by 124%. Easy credit, and a belief that house prices would continue to appreciate, had let many subprime borrowers to take mortgages. The term subprime refers to the credit level of particular borrowers, who have poor credit histories and with a large risk of loan default than other borrowers. Subprime borrowers who found themselves unable to repay the high monthly payments will begin to default. High leverage from the financial product innovation The term financial innovation refers to develop the financial products, which designed to achieve their clients objectives, such as offsetting the risk. Examples related to this crisis included: the adjustable-rate mortgage; the bundling of subprime mortgages into mortgage-backed securities (MBS) or collateralized debt obligations (CDO) for sale, which also can seemed as securitization; and a kind of credit insurance called credit default swaps(CDS). The usage of these products was widely over the world in the years which the crisis happened. These products are very complexity and they easily be bought or sell between the financial institutions. The CDO was a kind of financial instruments which was created for investors fund subprime mortgages and some other lending. It improved the debts liquidity and which also was the one of the main reasons that results to the housing bubble. Firstly, the different kinds of mortgages were pool together. Then a cash payment was allocated specific securities in a priority sequence. Those securities obtaining cash first received investment-grade ratings from rating agencies. Lower priority securities received cash thereafter, with lower credit ratings but theoretically a higher rate of return on the amount invested. Miss grade of credit rating The rating agencies usually were asked to give a higher rating to the MBSs comparing to other instruments. The higher ratings of the MBSs get the easier to sale. Sometimes, more liquidity means more expensive and valuable. The high ratings also misleading the investors because in their opinion, they thought the MBSs were rated higher, and they were safer. So the investors pull more money in these MBSs which was booming the MBSs value. But actually, the values of underlying assets of these MBSs were decreasing. This also means the probabilities of default were increasing. And the rating agencies could not reflect this on time. These four factors created a great situation for the GFC and the crisis was so heavily to collapse the financial system all over the world. Australian banking system is far more stable than our overseas counterparts. This isnt just rhetoric; it comes down to a number of factors. Australian regulatory framework has proven to be one of the most effective in the world. Australian banking system is far more conservative in our approach to risk than many of our US counterparts. Lenders, in Australia, also tie the re-payment of mortgages to the borrowers, not just the house, which meant Australia didnt see the jingle mail that happened in the US where home-owners simply mailed their house keys to the bank when they couldnt keep up with the mortgage, or burnt their houses down rather than hand them over to the banks. And Australian banking system didnt undertake the kind of subprime housing lending that was one of the initial landslides in the earthquake that became the GFC. The conversion of mortgage securities from huge, illiquid assets owned by local banks into liquid financial instruments that could be sold across the world combined sophisticated U.S. financial services dangerously with relatively unsophisticated financial services elsewhere. The subprime lendi ng and the jingle mail phenomenon, combined with an excess supply of housing, were a toxic combination that set the credit crunch in motion. And Australia doesnt have these three factors. But its obvious that the Australian banking industry has been impacted by the GFC. A quick scan will show that consolidation in the industry has reduced the number of regional banks, and almost all the regional banks are about to be bought out or taken over. And governments are now charging banks more for their wholesale funding guarantee. Earlier 2009, David Morgan, the former Westpac CEO, spoke about the future of Australian banking. In his speech he indicated that any standalone financial institution with a credit rating much below AA will, at best, struggle to obtain funding on a cost competitive basis with the Australian majors. Federal government intervenes to stop the unemployment rate increasing and stop consumption rate failing, and try to slow down the failing stock market. The government started shoring up the economy in a variety of ways. There was a $700 billion guarantee of bank deposits to last for 3 years, and establishment of a $20 billion Building Australia Fund to speed up infrastructure development as one of several new nation building funds amounting to $42 billion in all. The economic stimulus plan included payment of a tax bonus to tens of thousands of Australian taxpayers, enhanced grants to first-home buyers, and a variety of rescue arrangements for industries in serious difficulty such as child-care centers and the automobile industry. These interventions were both timely and necessary and potentially avoided a major financial crisis here in Australia. However the initiatives also had the effect of distorting our competitive banking system, particularly in the area of wholesale funding. The head of the ACCC, Graham Samuel, has spoken out of his concern about the growing concentration of power of the big four banks. Currently, there was another crisis around the world, especial in the European area, which called European debt crisis. Compare with the global financial crisis of 2008, it seems that both crises were result from the lacking of confidence. But actually, the current European debt crisis is quite different from the global financial crisis. In 2008, lots of questions were asked that whether the banking sectors ability to absorb major crisis shocks. The banks were unwilling to lending the money since the confidence in the market fall. This also results to the illiquidity of the market and it also made the crisis worse. This period was before the Lehman event, so it was called post-Lehman period. Nevertheless there is one slight difference subprime mortgages have now been replaced by US debts that do not have the same toxicity, so in at least in this respect the current crisis is on better footing than the crisis of 2008. In addition, tensions observed in the Interbank lending market in which banks lend to each other are much lower than in 2008. Especially since the European Central Bank (ECB) launched an unlimited loan program in order to make a total economic gridlock almost impossible. But, just as in 2008, the markets are calling into question the capitalization of banks. Do these institutions have enough capital to cope with significant losses? Although a vast movement of recapitalization was already launched across Europe, the markets do not seem to be responding in any significant way to this effort. Now, just as then, debt is the main problem. But the debt in the 2008 financial meltdown was largely private sector debt (households and businesses), which the government simply took in order to jump-start the economy. While this plan did help reinvigorate the economy it eventually led to an over-indebted public sector. At the end of 2010, public debt in developed countries accounted for 92% of their gross domestic product (GDP), as opposed to 78% before the Subprime Mortgage crisis. So in many ways, we never fully solved the problem of the 2008 crisis we simply moved the problem from the private sector to the public sector. Whereas in 2008 we suffered from a massive Private Debt Crisis, in 2011 we are currently experiencing a massive Public Debt Crisis. On October 8, 2008, after the shock of Lehman Brothers collapse, seven central banks, including the U.S. Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank, joined forces in order to respond to the crisis in a coherent and unified manner. In 2011, the political and economic rhetoric remain the same everyone agrees that the US and Europe need to form a unified front to deal with the crisis yet it seems that actions have fallen short of promises. In Europe, several nations launched the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF) in 2010 with a glimmer of hope, but divisions between European national governments slowed down the implementation of its tools and prevented it from finding a lasting solution to reassure markets of the strength of the Euro Zone. In the United States, internal differences have triumphed national cohesion. The differences between Democratic and Republican economic thought has led to deep disagreements on national policy and in the end resulted in the adoption of severely watered down economic policies. Last but not least, on both sides of the Atlantic, political and economic leaders have exhausted their cartridges interest rates are at their lowest and the coffers of the state are empty. Thus, the major difference between the economic crises of 2008 and 2011 is that today there is no more room to maneuver.

The Battle Of The Confederate Army Led By William T. Sherman

On September 1, 1864 Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, Commander of the Military Division of Army of Mississippi with his Union troops, had successfully captured Atlanta from the Confederate Army led by Lt. Gen. John Bell Hood. At that time Atlanta considered as the heart of the South for the Southerns and for the Confederate Army. On the other hand â€Å"Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant General in chief of the U.S. Army believed that the Civil War would come to an end only if the Confederacy s strategic, economic, and psychological capacity for warfare were decisively broken† . So after the south had lost their most important railroad junctions and their important productive manufacturing centers, Sherman would now fight the last battle to make it more difficult for the southern Confederacy. On November 15, 1864 Sherman and his 60,000 Union troops left Atlanta and start marching to Savannah port on the Atlantic Ocean, expecting to face 13,000 troops from the Confederate Army led by LTG. William J. Hardee. On December 12, the Union army arrived near Savannah, and on the night of December 20–21, the Confederates filed out of their trenches and headed north and left the city without protection. On the morning of December 21, 1864 Mayor Richard D. Arnold formally surrendered Savannah to the Union army, Sherman had telegrammed Washington D.C presenting Savannah as a Christmas gift to President Lincoln. Here in my essay, I will write through research and analysis about a specific subjectShow MoreRelatedThe Civil War : The Greatest And Most Catastrophic War Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pagescombined. The Civil War was the greatest and most catastrophic battle in the Western world. It was caused because of stubborn differences between free and slave states over the government on whether or not to prohibit slavery amongst territories that were not yet states. Once President Abraham Lincoln was elected and pledged to prevent slavery in those territories , seven slave states withdrew and formed a new nation called the Confederate States of America. Abraham Lincoln’s administration refusedRead MoreJohn J. Crittenden1245 Words   |  5 PagesCharleston harbor in South Carolina. The attack from the Southern army at Fort Sumter started the Civil War between the Northern and Southern States. Abraham Lincoln sent help to the Union Army with food and resources that were short to Fort Sumt er. However, the Confederate Government, the Southern and slave states, decided to capture the Fort instead of allowing the Union to ship the resources to the fort. The Confederate Forces, led by General P.G.T. Beauregard, fired at Fort Sumter until the UnionRead MoreShermans march to the Sea1391 Words   |  6 PagesWar. A General of the Union army named William Tecumseh Sherman helped lead a campaign that started in Georgia go the sea in Savannah, and finish to help aid the main forces in the Carolinas. During this march the soldiers lived off the land and the Southern people’s food and burning anything that could be of military use to the South’s forces. This march helped decisively end the war, and struck many blows to the South’s forces and its people’s morale, that Sherman’s army could march unopposed throughRead MoreCivil War Weaponry1085 Words   |  4 PagesKetchum Grenades In August of 1861, William F. Ketchum patented the Ketchum Hand Grenade. Shortly after, in the years of 1863 and 1864, the grenade was implemented in the American Civil War. With a lemon-shaped piece of iron and a tail made of paper or cardboard, the handheld explosive greatly resembled a dart. On the front of the grenade’s body was a plunger, which held a percussion cap filled with explosive material.When the the grenade fell onto its nose and applied pressure to the plunger, anRead More The End of the American Civil War Essay2366 Words   |  10 Pagesthose people who were involved on the battlefield towards the end of the war. The war started in 1861 and was beginning to end by January of 1865. By then, Federal (Federal was another name given to the Union Army) armies were spread throughout the Confederacy and the Confederate Army had lost a lot of men. In the year before, the North had lost an enormous amount of lives, but had more than enough to lose in comparison to the men of the South. General Grant became known as the Butcher (GrantRead MoreGeneral Sherman And The Match Of The Sea1919 Words   |  8 Pages Holland Carvalho HIST342 17, July 2015 General William Sherman and the match to the sea Introduction General Sherman s contribution to the Civil War will forever be remembered in history, although he made some miscalculations, his mistakes did nothing to his reputation unlike his brilliance in strategizing . His military exploits went far beyond getting the attention of American military historians; it went all the way to the shores of Europe. Military historian Basil LiddellRead MoreWhat Distinguishes A Hero From A Villain?1129 Words   |  5 Pageshero from a villain? When assessing William Tecumseh Sherman’s goals and actions on the battle field, the lines aren’t always so clear. General Sherman commanded the Union army during the bloodiest war in American history: the Civil War. His march to the sea during the fall and winter of 1864 stands out as one of the pivotal successes for the Union, because of the brilliant tactics used to expose weakness in the Confederacy. Cutting off his supply lines, he led 62,000 soldiers from Atlanta to SavannaRead MoreWhy was the ci vil war so long and so bloody?1555 Words   |  7 PagesLouisiana and Texas had set up a new nation called the Confederate States of America with Jefferson Davis as their President. When the war began it was a slight shock to both sides, this was due to neither one truly wanting, or believing, that they d fight. In the North, it was viewed that the talks of fighting was just a counter in politics, and threats were used to get what you want, calling their bluff. The South on the other hand didn t realise that the Federal Union meant so much to the NorthRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War2279 Words   |  10 Pagesmind are the Confederates Robert E. Lee, who is arguably the best general to have ever served in the Civil War, Ulysses S. Grant who was one of the finest Union generals that Abraham Lincoln found, but there was one general that turned the chapter for the union in the Civil War, William T. Sherman. The Union underwent a stage where they needed help badly. They had absolutely no advantage whatsoever against Robert E. Lee and the South. They lost the 1st/2nd Battle of Bull Run, Battle of FredericksburgRead MoreTaking a Look at Abraham Lincoln833 Words   |  3 Pageswas born in Hodgenville, Kentucky on February 12th, 1809. As the Leader of the Union, he fought against the Confederate President, Jefferson Davis in the Civil War. Lincoln won the war with General Ulysses S. Grant by his side. Lincoln was shot by John Wilkes Booth on April 14th 1865. He died of his gunshot wound at 7:22 the next day. â€Æ' William Tecumseh Sherman Born in Lancaster, Ohio, Sherman was only sixteen when he entered West Point. He is the colonel of the 13th Regular Infantry. He was also

The Forbidden Game The Kill Chapter 7 Free Essays

Gebo, she thought, one flash of coherence, of memory, just before her head slid under the water. Gebo, the rune of sacrifice. Oh, Tom. We will write a custom essay sample on The Forbidden Game: The Kill Chapter 7 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Dying was painless-but sad. It hurt to think of the people she was leaving behind. She kept picturing her parents, imagining what they would say when Dee and the others got home and told them. If Dee and the others got home and told them. Her thoughts were very scattered, like dandelion fluff blowing erratically on the wind. Mr. and Mrs. Parker-Pearson-Summer’s parents -had been so hurt when they lost Summer. Jenny hated to think of her parents hurt that way. And Tom †¦ what would happen to Tom? Maybe Julian would let him go. No point in keeping him after Jenny was gone. But that didn’t seem likely. Julian was a Shadow Man, he belonged to a race that didn’t have gentle emotions. They weren’t capable of pity. Julian might take out his anger on Tom instead. Please, no, Jenny thought†¦ but it didn’t seem to matter that much anymore. Even her sadness was fading now-breaking up and floating away. She was dead, and she couldn’t change anything. Strange, though, that a dead person could suddenly feel pain-physical pain. A burning. The frigid water had stopped hurting a long time ago, and since then she’d had no sense of her own body. Trapped in absolute darkness and utter silence, too numb to feel any sensation, she didn’t seem to have a body. She was just a drifting collection of thoughts. But now-this burning had started. At first it seemed very distant and easy to ignore. But it didn’t stop. It got worse. She felt heat: a tingling, prickling heat that demanded her attention. And with the heat she began to have a body again. Hands. She could feel her hands now. And feet, she had feet. She had a face, defined by thousands of tiny red-hot needles. And she was aware of a vague, fuzzy glow. Open your eyes, she told herself. She couldn’t. They were too heavy, and everything hurt so much. She wanted to go back into the darkness where there wasn’t any pain. She willed the light to go away. â€Å"Jenny! Jenny!† Her name, called in tones of love and desperation. Poor Tom, she thought dimly. Tom needed her-and he must be frantic with worry. She should go to Tom. But it hurt. â€Å"Jenny. Please, Jenny, come back-â€Å" Oh, no. No, don’t cry. It’ll be all right. There was only one way to make it all right, and that was to come back. Forget how much it hurt. All right, do it, then. Jenny concentrated on the fuzzy glow, trying to make it come closer. Pulling herself toward it. The pain was terrible-her lungs hurt. But if she had lungs, she could breathe. Breathe, girl! It hurt like hell, and darkness sucked at her, trying to drag her down again. ‘ â€Å"That’s it, Jenny. Keep fighting Oh, Jenny †¦Ã¢â‚¬  With a tremendous effort she opened her eyes. Golden light dazzled her. Someone was rubbing her hands. I did it for you, Tom. But it wasn’t Tom. It was Julian. Julian was the one rubbing her hands, calling out to her. Golden light danced on his hair, his face. It was a fire, Jenny realized slowly, and she was in another cavern, slightly bigger than the last. She was dry, somehow, and lying in a sort of nest of white fur, very soft, very comfortable. The heat of the fire was bringing her back to life. The pain wasn’t so bad now, although there was still an unyielding knot of ice in her middle. And she felt weak-too weak and exhausted to think properly. It was Julian, not Tom-but she couldn’t really take that in. It didn’t even look like Julian †¦ because Jenny had never seen Julian look afraid. But now the blue eyes were dark with fear and as wide as a child’s-the pupils huge and dilated with emotion. Julian’s face, which had always seemed molded for arrogance and mockery, was white even in the firelight-and thinner somehow, as if the skin were drawn tight over bones. As for the dangerously beautiful smile that usually curved Julian’s lips †¦ there wasn’t a trace of it. Strangest of all, Julian seemed to be shaking. The hands that held Jenny’s had stopped their rubbing, but a fine, continuous tremor ran through them. And Jenny could see how quickly he was breathing by the way his chest rose and fell. â€Å"I thought you were dead,† he said in a muted voice. So did I. Jenny tried to say it, but only got as far as a hitching breath. â€Å"Here. Drink this, it should help.† And the next moment he was supporting her head, holding a steaming cup to her lips. The liquid was hot and sweet, and it sent warmth coursing into the cold, hard knot inside her, loosening it and chasing away the last of the pain. Jenny felt herself relaxing, lying still to absorb the fire’s heat. A feeling of well-being crept through her as Julian laid her back down. Gently. Julian was being gentle †¦ but Julian was never gentle. He belonged to a race that didn’t have gentle emotions. They didn’t feel tenderness, weren’t capable of pity. She probably shouldn’t even accept help from him-but he looked so haunted, like someone who had been through a terrible fright. â€Å"I thought I’d lost you,† he said. â€Å"Then you didn’t send the water?† He just looked at her. It didn’t seem to be the time for recriminations. Oh, she probably ought to say something-maybe list the kind of things he’d done to her in the past. He’d hunted her in every way imaginable. But here, now, in this little cavern surrounded by rock, with no one present but the two of them, and no sound but the soft roar and crackle of the fire †¦ all that seemed very far away. Part of a past life. Julian didn’t seem like a Shadow Man, didn’t seem like a hunter. After all, if he were a predator, he had his quarry right here, exhausted and helpless. He’d never have a better chance. If he wanted her, she wouldn’t even be able to put up a fight. Instead, he was looking at her with those queer dazed eyes, still black with emotion. â€Å"You would have cared if I died,† she said slowly. The eyes searched hers a moment, then looked away. â€Å"You really don’t know, do you?† he said in an odd voice. Jenny said nothing. She pulled herself up a little in the white nest, so she was sitting. â€Å"I’ve told you how I feel about you.† â€Å"Yes. But †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Julian had always said that he was in love with her-but Jenny had never sensed much tenderness in the emotion. She might have said this, but for some reason it seemed-inappropriate-to say it to someone who looked so lost. Like a child waiting for a blow. â€Å"But I’ve never understood why.† â€Å"Haven’t you.† It wasn’t even a question. â€Å"We’re so different.† Madness to be talking about this. But they were both looking at each other, now, quietly, as they had never sat and looked before. Eyes unwavering-but without challenge. It meant something to look into someone’s eyes this long, Jenny thought. She shouldn’t be doing it. But of course she had wondered, she had wondered from the beginning what he could possibly see in her. How he could want her-so much. Enough to watch over her since she was five years old, to pierce the veil between the worlds to come after her, to hunt her and stalk her as if he thought about nothing else. â€Å"Why, Julian?† she said softly. â€Å"Would you like a list?† His face was completely blank, his voice clipped and emotionless. â€Å"A-what?† â€Å"Hair like liquid amber, eyes green as the Nile,† he said, seeming utterly dispassionate about it. He could have been reading a page of homework assignments. â€Å"But it’s not the color, really, it’s the expression. The way they go so deep and soft when you’re thinking.† Jenny opened her mouth, but he was going on. â€Å"Skin that glows, especially when you’re excited. A golden sheen all over you.† â€Å"But-â€Å" â€Å"But there are lots of beautiful girls. Of course. You’re different. There’s something inside you that makes you different, a certain kind of spirit. You’re -innocent. Sweet, even after everything that’s been thrown at you. Gentle, but with a spirit like flame.† â€Å"I’m not,† Jenny said, almost frightened. â€Å"Audrey sometimes says I’m too simple – â€Å" â€Å"Simple as light and air-things people take for granted but that they’d die without. People really should think more about that.† Jenny did feel frightened now. This new Julian was dangerous-made her feel weak and dizzy. â€Å"When I first saw you, you were like a flood of sunshine. All the others wanted to kill you. They thought I was crazy. They laughed†¦ .† He means the other Shadow Men, Jenny thought. â€Å"But I knew, and I watched you. You grew up and got more beautiful. You were so different from anything in my world. The others just watched, but I wanted you. Not to kill or to use up the way-the way they do with humans sometimes here. I needed you.† There was something in his voice now besides clinical dispassion. It was-hunger, Jenny thought, but not the cold, malicious hunger she’d seen in the ancient eyes and the whispering voices of the other Shadow Men. It was as if Julian was hungry for something he’d never had, filled with a crippling need even he didn’t understand. â€Å"I couldn’t see anything else, couldn’t hear anything else. All I could think about was you. I wouldn’t let anyone else hurt you, ever. I knew I had to have you, no matter what happened. They said I was crazy with love.† He had gotten up and walked away to the edge of the firelight. As he stood there, Jenny seemed to see him for the first time, looking at him with new eyes. And he looked-small. Small and almost vulnerable. Nothing in the universe was moving except her heart, and that was shaking her body. She had never thought about what the other Shadow Men might say to Julian. She knew he was the youngest of a very old race, but she’d never thought about his life at all, or his point of view. She hadn’t thought about him having a point of view. â€Å"What’s it like, being-† She hesitated. â€Å"Being a Shadow Man? Watching from the dark places everything happening on the worlds that aren’t full of shadows? Earth has colors, you know, that you never find here.† â€Å"But-you can make anything you want. You can create it.† â€Å"It’s not the same. Things fade here. They don’t last.† â€Å"But why do you stay here, then? Instead of just watching us, you could-† Jenny stopped again. God, what was she saying? Inviting the Shadow Men to her own world? She took a deep breath. â€Å"If you could change-â€Å" â€Å"I can’t change what I am. None of us can. The rest of the nine worlds keep us out; they say our nature is destructive. We’re not welcome anywhere-but we’ll always be near Earth, watching. From the shadows.† There was something in his voice-too quiet and closed-off for bitterness. A-remoteness that was bleak beyond words. â€Å"Forever,† he finished. â€Å"Forever? You never die?† â€Å"Something that isn’t born can’t die. We have a-beginning, of course. Our names carved on a runestave, a special runestave.† He said, almost mockingly, â€Å"The stave of life.† There had been something about staves in her grandfather’s journal. A picture scrawled in ink, showing a sort of tall, flat branch with runes on it. â€Å"Carve our names on the stave-and we come into existence,† Julian said. â€Å"Cut them out-and we disappear.† It seemed very heartless to Jenny. Cold-but then the Shadow Men were cold. Not flesh and blood, but creatures that came into being through a carving in wood or stone. How cold to be a Shadow Man, she thought. And how sad. Condemned by your own destructiveness to be what you were forever. Julian was still standing at the edge of the firelight, face half in shadow, gazing at the darkness beyond. It gave Jenny a queer hollow feeling. What would it have been like, she wondered suddenly, if he hadn’t tried to force her? From the beginning Julian had used force and trickery. He’d lured her into the More Games store and enticed her into buying the Game, knowing that when she put the paper house together it would suck her into the Shadow World. He’d kidnapped her. And then he’d appeared and bullied her: forced her to play his own demonic game to try and win her freedom. He’d threatened her, hurt her friends-killed Summer. He’d done everything to try and wring submission out of her. â€Å"Couldn’t you just have come and asked?† she murmured. She’d said the same thing to him in the tower of the paper house. Didn’t that ever occur to you? That you could just appear at my front door, no games, no threats, and just ask me? But in the tower the words had been part of a ruse to get free, and she hadn’t really thought about them herself. Now she did. What if Julian had come to her, appearing some night out of the shadows while she was walking home, say, and told her that he loved her? What would she have done? She would have been afraid. Yes. But after the fear? If Julian had come, offering gifts, gentle, looking as vulnerable as he did now? If she had accepted his gifts †¦ It was a strange future, too strange to visualize, really, but queerly thrilling. It was too foreign to imagine: herself as a sort of princess with a prince of darkness as consort. For just an instant Jenny got a rushing, heady glimpse; for a fraction of a second she could picture it. Herself, wearing black silk and sable, sitting on a black marble throne in a big stone hall where it was always twilight. Growing paler and colder, maybe, as she forgot about the ordinary world she’d left behind -but happy, maybe, in her power and position. Would she have little Shadow World creatures to order around and look after? Servants? Would she be able to control the elements here the way Julian did? Or maybe not a black gown-maybe white, with little icicles all over it, like Hans Christian Andersen’s Snow Queen. And jewels like frost-flowers, around her neck and a blue-eyed white tiger crouching at her feet. What would Dee and Audrey think if they saw her like that? They might be afraid at first-but she’d serve them strange drinks, like the sweet, hot stuff in the mug, and after a while they’d get used to it. Audrey would envy the pretty things, and Dee would envy the power. What else? Julian had said she could have anything-anything. If she could have anything in the world she wanted, with no limits, no restrictions on her imagination-if she could have anything †¦ I’d want Tom. She’d forgotten him for a moment, because the picture of the big stone hall was so alien. Tom’s warmth and strength and lazy smile didn’t fit there at all-which of course made sense because Julian would never let him in. But any world without Tom was a world Jenny didn’t want. The vision of the white gown and the jewels disappeared, and she knew somehow that it would never come back, not the way it had for that one moment, when she could feel it and believe in it. She would never forget it, but she would never be able to recapture it, either. Just as well, she thought unsteadily. She didn’t want to think about this anymore; in fact, she thought it was high time that she got out of here. She was tingling all over with a sense of danger. â€Å"I’m warm now,† she said, pushing the white fur away. All she could think of was that she had to leave. She should thank him, maybe, for saving her life – although it wouldn’t have been in danger in the first place if not for him. He was looking at her. Jenny looked away, concentrated on getting her legs under her. When she stood, they were wobbly. She tried to step out of the white nest, and stumbled. He was there in an instant. She felt his warm hands close around her arms, steadying her. She stared at his chest, bare under the leather vest and lifting quickly with his breathing. The firelight touched everything with gold. She didn’t want to look up into his face, but somehow it happened anyway. His eyes were still hugely dilated, the blue mere circles around pupils dark and bottomless as midnight. His pupils always sprang open for her, she realized, but just now there was something haunting about those lonely depths. â€Å"I’m sorry,† she whispered, hardly knowing what she meant. â€Å"I have to* leave now. I’m sorry.† â€Å"I know.† In that instant he seemed to understand better than she did herself. He looked very young, and very tired, and heavy with some knowledge she didn’t share. Face still solemn, he leaned in slightly. Jenny shut her eyes. It was different from any kiss they’d ever had. Not because it was softer-Julian’s kisses were usually soft, at the beginning anyway. Not even because it was so slow-Julian’s kisses were almost always slow. But it was different, in a way that sent Jenny’s mind spinning into confusion. Feeling †¦ that was it. Not just sensation, but emotion. Emotion so strong that it left her shaking. It was such an innocent kiss, so-chaste. His warm mouth touching hers. His lips trembling against hers. How could something that simple move her so much? Because she could sense his feelings, she realized. When she touched his lips, she could feel his pain, the almost unendurable pain of someone whose heart was breaking with sadness. What she tasted on those warm, soft lips was unbearable loss. If he’d been dying, or she had, she would have been able to understand such a kiss. He’s suffering like that-from losing me? Jenny had never been particularly modest, but she could hardly believe it. She might have rejected the idea outright-except for what she was feeling herself. What she felt †¦ was a shattering inside. When he stepped back, Jenny was in something like a trance. She stood there, eyes shut, still feeling everything, unable to move. Tears welled up around her lashes. But Tom. The time in sixth grade when he’d broken his leg and sat in a tide pool, white but still wisecracking, holding on to Jenny’s hand, not letting anybody else see how bad the pain was. All the many times he’d held Jenny for her sake, when she got scared at movies, or when she cried over the stray animals she took in. He’d stayed up all night when she thought Cosette, the kitten she’d rescued-from a vacant lot, was dying. He had been part of her life since she was seven years old. He was a part of her. And Julian had hurt him. Julian had blown his chance right at the very beginning, when he’d done that. Jenny opened her eyes, the trance broken. She stepped back, and saw Julian’s face change. As if he knew exactly what she was thinking. â€Å"Tom needs me,† she said. Julian smiled then, grimly, in a way that chased the cobwebs out of Jenny’s brain. The lost, haunted look was gone, as if it had never existed. â€Å"Oh, yes. Tommy needs you like air. But I need you like-â€Å" â€Å"What?† Jenny said when it was clear he wasn’t going on. â€Å"Like light,† Julian said, with the same bitter smile. â€Å"You’re light, all right-like a flame to a moth. I told you once that you shouldn’t mess with forbidden things-I should have taken my own advice.† â€Å"Light shouldn’t be forbidden,† Jenny said. â€Å"It is to me. It’s deadly to a Shadow Man. Light kills shadows, don’t you know? And of course the other way around.† He seemed to find this amusing. He’d done one of his quicksilver mood changes, and looking at his face now, Jenny almost wondered if the last half hour had been a dream. â€Å"Don’t think that just because I pulled you out of the water, the Game is over,† he added. â€Å"You need three gold coins to get to your precious Tommy. And time’s tick, tick, ticking. †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"I’ve got one, remember. I-† Jenny broke off with an inarticulate noise, feeling in her jeans pocket. The Swiss Army knife was still there, but the gold doubloon he’d tossed her in the cavern was gone. â€Å"But I had it. It must have fallen out-â€Å" â€Å"Sorry. Only one turn to a customer. No replays. Do not pass Go, do not collect two hundred dollars.† â€Å"You-† Jenny broke off again. Her anger drained, but she felt something inside herself harden, ice over. All right, then. She must have been crazy, feeling sorry for Julian-Julian!-but now she knew better. They were opponents, as always, playing against each other in a Game that was as cutthroat and pitiless as Julian himself. â€Å"I’ll get the coins-if you give me the chance. I can’t do much in here,† she said. â€Å"True. Exit doors are to the left. Please watch your step and keep moving. We hope you’ve enjoyed the ride.† Jenny turned and saw a rectangle of dim light. It hadn’t been there before. She took a breath and started toward it, careful to walk straight. She didn’t mean to look back. But as she got close to the door, close enough to see that it looked like an ordinary double door, like the kind that led out of Space Mountain at Disneyland, she threw a quick glance over her shoulder. He was standing where she’d left him, a black silhouette in front of the fire. She couldn’t tell anything by his posture. She turned away and stepped through the door, blinking. She could see tiny distant lights, lots of them, sparkling and wheeling in a dazzling display. â€Å"What-?† she whispered. Something grabbed her. How to cite The Forbidden Game: The Kill Chapter 7, Essay examples

Strategic Planning

Executive Summary and Recommendations Planning is one important factor that should be adhered to in every organization. A strategic plan should not be compared to the normal vision or mission statements. It is supposed to provide a structure for decision making in a competitive and dynamic environment.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Planning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the current century, there have been rapid changes in the technological field. This has resulted into the need for updates in the structure of various organizations. Health organizations should have strategic tools for planning. These plans for the field of health are to be developed in local, regional and national level. John Hopkins Hospital is one of the renowned hospitals that is claimed to be providing the best services in the health care and service sector. The main theme or plan for all their operations has been geared tow ards risk prevention. This plan has been achieved by creation of a culture for safety. This safety culture covers patients, the public and the service providers who are the clinicians and doctors. Other major significant strategic issues are the adherence to information management systems and provision of quality care. Recommendations The recommendations are as indicated below; Hospitals should be institutions that give people an interface for recovery. For this reason, there should be a laid up strategy for monitoring patients improvement even if it means following up with the patients. The hospitals should offer preventive visits. In addition, they should advocate for more health insurance coverage and public health programmes together with staff capacity building programmes.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Lastly, there should be a medium for providing increased awareness on disease, on contraction of the disease, preventive measures and awareness on good nutrition practices. These recommendations could have been in the plans of the hospital but the achievements are the most appropriate step in attaining success in the health sector. Internal Assessment This can be achieved by conducting a drill or just going through the management practices of the hospitals, also, one could have a look at the achievements. An internal assessment is good because it provides a basis for the functionality of an institution. Following John Hopkins Hospital, this has been attained by assessing the following; Innovation Customers’ satisfaction Safety and health Productivity Innovation here refers to the access of technological resources. It should also involve the number of staff can utiliz the current technology during operation. In addition, innovation should also apply to customer training from time to time due to the dynamic effects of change in the health c are system. Customer satisfaction is very important and this is rated as highly important at John Hopkins. Factors that are considered are such as readmission of patients, the waiting time intervals, patient’s case cancellations, the length of stay by patients in the hospital, provision of complaints by patients on a week basis, emergency preparedness for example, a patient is triaged within the first fifteen minutes of arrival and the rate of discharge of patients by the hospital. Productivity has also been adhered to towards the positive end. That is in terms of bed occupancy, the cost per produce, the ratio of resource utilization, the duration of activity or hour’s unit of activity and lastly the employee performance against contract. Another internal factor is on the issue of health and safety. This is one significant point of success for John Hopkins as they have developed a form of safety culture for guidance. This is applied for both customers and the clinician s. This strategy is oriented to people and it involves various aspects.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Planning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More First, it is believed that harm is untenable and there should be ways to prevent it or see unto ways of working it out. Another factor is good listening capabilities. At times it is important to listen to the concern of colleague’s and even clients to be able to understand them. In addition, everyone has the obligation to belong to a team and apply system approach in the health center to work out safety issues. These would prevent the issues of hazards that are uncalled for. Quality measures are related to customer services and even provision of benefits to workers. At John Hopkins, this has been carefully looked into starting with customer satisfaction services. The patients are provided with good and quality health care services. Customer satisfactio n is significant because it will always attract other customers hence increase the revenue of the hospital or institution. This has been one of the strong points of John Hopkins hospital. Their ability to give a satisfying approach to their services has acted as a stepping stone to their fame. The hospital have been mentioned to be the best health service providers worldwide. In addition, provision of quality healthcare has also been a result of effective management that is goal oriented. Having quality services means owning the best kind of technology in the world. It is only through innovation that success has become attainable. The use of sophisticated machines results to extensive analysis and research in the health sector. In the current world, reliable research work and health systems have been accorded to institutions that have the most current technology. This has acted as a stepping stone for John Hopkins in achieving their strategic goals set. Growth on the other hand cann ot be explained in better words but by the use of advancement. The advancement in quality services have led to the increase in customers in the hospital. Consequently, the clients have brought about expansion which eventually has led to the growth of the hospital at large.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The cost of health services has been considerate for the purposes of reaching out in the community. Having high cost health services could result from use of highly sophisticated equipments, but this is not the case at John Hopkins because to be able to reach out for people with great health needs, it meant that the cost had to be made favorable. This plan to provide affordable services was also a plan to help the institution reach out for the goals outlined in the strategic plan. External Environment The external environment is more of a business initiative. The John Hopkins Hospital had just suffered low patient turn up in the hospital in a period of two years. This was a form of threat to the institutions. This is because their sources of clientele were the patients. This is not to say that they wanted more people to fall ill, but it was a loss to the institution. The low turnout of patients was caused by poor management. In the event of reviving the institution’s fame, th e managing director then sought to check on what could act as an opportunity for business in the hospital. This initiative was called the business continuity initiative. Its main aim was to start patient admission and intake procedures. This was to help the administration and other departments to live in an environment that is prepared health wise. Some of the initiatives included; achieving recovery of objectives by preventing interruptive healthcare, education on medical care, customer service and research. A form of opportunity was on training the clinicians on knowledge of how they can respond to mass casualty incidences. This involves disaster management and prevention. This would give the hospital an upper hand in being accredited with universal standardization marks. This had also been covered in the event of readiness. These external factors can be adhered to when follow up is done. Patients follow up would require commitment whether there is a large number of patients or ju st few of them. In addition, improving on disaster management and customer service would be helpful when the staff is fully armed with capacity building strategies and training is also important. Lastly, helping patients to acquire health insurance coverage would be a commendable step. This is mainly for those patients with manageable diseases and all other patients who could find it hard to raise fee for medication once. Strategic Objective To provide Safety to Patients This strategy is significant to the hospital. It should take place for a period of about three to five years. The main responsibilities involved include; creating a safe environment for communication so as to attend to the concerns of the patient, focusing on team work, engaging families and friends on safety care process and plan for the resources that would be used in ensuring that safety measures are adhered to. In addition, there is a good possibility to reduce complexities in safety matters and ensure that all stakeholders involved such as family, clinician, and the community work hand in hand to form a team. Team work is great because it engages an individual to the feel of the social aspect which is very important to an individual who is or has recuperated. This strategy on safety is significant because a clinician is able to monitor a patient’s journey to good and great health. It is more satisfying to see the effort placed in such an amazing way which can be very rewarding when adhered to and followed properly with discipline. To do Review on Diseases that are communicable in Public Health Communicable diseases are one of the most interesting diseases. They are quite challenging because they are community based. The review is to involve working in the grass roots level to identify factors that predispose people to such diseases. The review is to account for the following; planning a control programme that will ensure settings organized for emergency. Another plan is on how to c ontrol the spread and contraction of such diseases. This would be through awareness campaigns in the streets and every place where there are residential homes and suburbs. The awareness campaign is also to include ways of managing such a disease once a person has contracted it. As long as the disease is not deadly, it can be managed by the members of the community themselves. The timing of these procedures should be on short term basis. This is because such diseases also take a short while to spread. Therefore, using the best gadgets, it is possible to put up preventive measures and also to be able to manage the disease as long as there is constant cooperation. A solution should also be given out after monitoring and evaluating the communicable disease. The evaluation plans should discuss the clinical features, the risk factors and management of the diseases. Important also is the review of the possibility of the resurgence of communicable diseases that could have caused havoc in th e past. This approach merged with operational planning could help manage and prevent the spread of the diseases and even alleviate them from the face of the earth. To practice continual staff Training Practices This is rather expensive in relation to the latest forms of change. Of late, the technological advancement has been taking place at a much rapid state. This calls for rapid measures that would ensure that no institution is left behind. Training is to be done on a frequent basis. This includes new employees training. For instance, fresh graduates who are always absorbed in many institutions need prior experience. As they are being trained, the older employees should also be able to get review of the newest components in the market. Good communication capabilities would ensure good transfer of knowledge and skill. John Hopkins hospital has this lined up. Having flow of residents from time to time has provided the basis for the strategic goal, but there is a need to fully incorp orate other old employees in the practice. All these objectives could take a while but the fact that they have been implemented is commendable. Conclusion Committed and goal oriented individuals are able to accomplish these objectives. Success only requires a change of mind towards the positive. John Hopkins having a vast encounter with great health achievements can in no way fail to achieve the objectives if focus when favorable health policies are put in place. Therefore, with dedication towards a positive and visionary future, anything is achievable. This essay on Strategic Planning was written and submitted by user Otto Skinner to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.